Pectus Carinatum
Pectus carinatum, also called pigeon chest, is a deformity of the chest characterized by a protrusion of the sternum and ribs. It is the opposite of pectus excavatum.CausesPectus carinatum is [...]
Congenital Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm
Congenital sinus of Valsalva aneurysm was first described by Hope in 1839. This first published account describes rupture of a sinus of Valsalva, which is the most feared complication. Soon [...]
Heart Defects Sometimes Present in Cardiofaciocutaneous Syndrome
What is Cardiofaciocutaneous Syndrome (CFC)?CFC syndrome is a rare genetic condition that typically affects the heart (cardio-), facial features (facio-) and skin (cutaneous). It is seen with equal frequency in [...]
Aortic Valve Stenosis
Aortic Valve Stenosis - ValvarValvar aortic stenosis, is a spectrum with significant valve obstruction treated in infancy or childhood. The other end of the spectrum is mild stenosis or commonly [...]
Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT)
Why do I need to know about CPVT? CPVT is an uncommon, potentially lethal, treatable cardiac channelopathy (inherited heart rhythm syndrome). It is far less common than LQTS but does [...]
Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn (PPHN)
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) occurs when a newborn's circulation system does not adapt to breathing outside the womb.While a fetus is in the womb, it gets its [...]
Heart Defects Present in TAR Syndrome
Thrombocytopenia-absent radius (TAR) syndrome is a rare condition that is apparent at birth. Affected infants are born with incomplete or missing forearms. Typically, the bone on the thumb side of [...]
Types of Ventricular Septal Defects
DefinitionA ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a hole or a defect in the septum that divides the 2 lower chambers of the heart and that results in a communication between [...]
Coronary Sinus Atrial Septal Defects
BackgroundCoronary sinus atrial septal defects (ASDs) are defects located in the portion of the atrial septum that includes the coronary sinus orifice and are characterized by the absence of at [...]
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy (a form of Dilated Cardiomyopathy)
Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a form of dilated cardiomyopathy that is defined as deterioration in cardiac function presenting typically between the last month of pregnancy and up to five months [...]